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To celebrate 400,000 podcast listens, we answer your questions submitted in the Empirical Cycling Instagram stories. We discuss high and low volume training and progressive overload, 3 things every cyclist should do, low CHO training, FRC for mountain bikers, supplements for athletes, our best non-empirical cycling advice, and much more. The full questions list is available on the website.
Show Notes If everything boils down to volume then why do I want to end endurance rides higher than I started with? Vs going harder than I should for the time. And finishing weak at the end. Time on the bike would be the same because the route gets decided before walking out the door. E.g. intervals or group ride then endurance riding. Listened to the Rich Roll Norwegian tri pod? Thoughts? Are you their coach with the pen name? How true is it that fasted training “teaches your body to use more fats”? What’s the connection between a long anaerobic effort (>60”) and the use of oxygen in vo2max Track sprint: any value in double days (gym morning, track evening) for general adaptation? Generally not? 1 change that mr lockwood made to get better No question, just looking forward to the 420.60k ama Block or linear periodization pros and cons? It’s ok to split z2 work time in two when short on time… same with tempo/sst/threshold? <5h a week to ride, what to do More mitochondria and larger surface area are two different adaptations? Favorite watch? Is it a seiko? When you talk about 30h/wk cycling, can that be replaced by other sports? How do pros progressively overload? They are already at max volume? Would you rather: sprints 3x/week before a crit or set next ftp block with ramp test? Name 3 things that every cyclist should do Congrats! What would you do differently if you had to start the podcast over? After 400k listens you have a good idea of questions asked. Your best training advice to us? How much more focus would you give FRC work for a mountain biker vs roadie? Yes or no: American road cycling is dead Agree/disagree: if you’re not a competitive power lifter, stay away from straight bar deadlifts What is meant by “hitting my openers” in cycling? Who you got beef with in the coaching world? & research world? Hot take: surges only suck when you’re not a sprinty boy or gal? What something you are constantly questioning about your own training methods What’s your sports science/coaching holy grail you wish you could figure out before you die? What can negative decoupling during an endurance ride mean? Time for you and Kyle to bring on athletic greens. It’s not selling out, topics can get more geeky Inigo and Rx of intervals after z2 being optimal. Fact, fiction, or just optimal for race specificity After A event how many weeks off the bike before getting back into things. Motivation is high! Thoughts on low CHO aerobic training accentuating pgc1a translocation and activation? BFR for aerobic adaptations? some research coming out with increased vo2max Your top 5 contributors to exercise phys research? Can be applied, mechanistic, etc No question but thanks for shaming me into resting and riding easy What is your best non-empirical cycling advice? Is there any point to protein supplements for endurance athletes with balanced diets? Bonus Track: Kyle explains Poynting vectors!
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This episode breaks down the origins of endurance performance and how cells control substrate oxidation. We review a paper looking at the difference in adaptive aerobic signals when participants used significantly different amounts of fat and carbs at the same intensity. We then look at the role of mitochondria in cellular energetics, the pivotal role they play in aerobic endurance adaptations, and finally what the training implications are. Plus we answer your listener questions submitted to Kolie's Instagram.
Show Notes Carbohydrate improves exercise capacity but does not affect subcellular lipid droplet morphology, AMPK and p53 signalling in human skeletal muscle Regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism in lean and obese individuals Metabolic adaptations to short-term training are expressed early in submaximal exercise Biochemical adaptations in muscle
Are you a CTL junkie? Terrified of letting it drop? Listen in. This episode takes a critical but realistic look at TSS and the metrics it's built on like CTL, ATL, and TSB. We discuss normalized power, what kind of fitness CTL can actually reflect, and answer listener questions.
Andy Coggan joins the podcast again to discuss everything we didn't get to in the previous episode. We get back stories behind the adaptations by training zones chart and the category and w/kg chart. We also go in depth with nitrate supplementation, vo2max training. if burning fat makes you burn more fat, if signaling studies translate to performance, and the nature of adaptation itself. There are plenty of pithy proverbs along the way.
In this episode, Andy Coggan discusses FTP and its context among various threshold definitions, the infamous "hour of power", and the legacy of Training And Racing With A Power Meter. We also discuss Andy's lack of social media presence, the chapters he's written on the history of exercise physiology, and delve into some topics in exercise metabolism including VLamax, substrate use at FTP, methods and interpretations of the lactate shuttle, and more.
Show Notes Muscle contraction paper Mitochondrial potassium paper Andrew Coggan at IUPUI
The interviewer becomes the interviewed as the host of That Triathlon Show joins Kolie. Mikael talks about what he takes from all the interviews he does and how they change his approach, multisport training and periodization, podcasting, pacing, and what Mikael's favorite meme is. He also answers your listener questions.
Show Notes That Triathlon Show Mikael's Instagram Scientific Triathlon Instagram Article: Why Facts Don't Change Our Minds
More FTP may be better, but not always. This episode explores ideas around how FTP can be overemphasized in training in both the short and long term, leading to suboptimal fitness and race outcomes.
Think your FTP is the power you can hold for 60 minutes? Think again! We dig into a classic Billat paper on time to exhaustion (TTE) and training threshold by adding time in zone. Then we discuss into the metabolic implications of these results, how they align with real world experience, and how this affects training and assessment of its effectiveness. Finally, we answer your questions as asked in Kolie's Instagram stories @empiricalcycling.
Show Notes Billat TTE paper on masters runners Introduction to TTE in WKO5 
Should you always train like you race? In this episode we investigate three myths related to this idea, and find some grains of truth along the way. The myths are 1. Sprinters and non-sprinters really need to train aerobic systems differently. 2. Crit racers mostly need to focus on anaerobic efforts. 3. You won’t need to train FTP if you don't race time trials. We touch on some track sprinting as well, and of course answer listener questions from Kolie's instagram, so follow him there if you'd like to ask a question on the podcast.
Marinus Petersen of Kilowatt Coaching and graduate of Loughborough University joins us in this episode to discuss a recent paper on bias in research, but it of course evolves into much more. We discuss the line between scientific research and real world experience and the usual suspects in a conversation between coaches including lactate, critical power, warmups, and more.
Show Notes Kilowatt Coaching's Instagram Marinus Petersen's Instagram The Bias for Statistical Significance in Sport and Exercise Medicine Over 55 years of critical power: Fact or artifact? 
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